Idiot - Chishima rettō (archipiélago de las Mil Islas) 
Northern Group
middle group
Southern Group
Island History XVII Century
Prior to joining the Russian and the Japanese islands were inhabited by the Ainu. Their language, "kuru" meant "a man who came from nowhere, from whence their second name" Kuriles "and then the name of the archipelago.
first information about islands was obtained by the Japanese during the expedition to Hokkaido in 1635. It is not known whether she actually got to the Kuriles, or learn about them indirectly, but 1644 map was drawn up in which they were designated under the collective name of "Thousand Islands". Then, in 1643, the islands were surveyed Dutch headed by Maarten Fries. This expedition was more detailed maps and described the land.
In Russia, the fragmentary information on the Kuril islands appear after a campaign of Vladimir Atlasova to Kamchatka in 1697.
XVIII century
In 1711, on the Kuril Islands off Ivan Kozyrevsky. He visited only for 2-northern islands: Shumshu and Paramushir - but questioned the detail of their inhabiting the Ainu and the Japanese, placed there by the storm. In 1719 Peter I sent to Kamchatka expedition led by Ivan Evreinova and Fyodor Luzhin, who came south to the island of Simushir.
In the years 1738-1739 Martin Spanberg walked along the ridge, causing the island met on the map. Later Russian, avoiding the dangerous voyage to the southern islands, mastered the north, levied tribute the local population. Those who did not want to pay it and walk away long island, took hostages - hostages from among close relatives. But soon after, in 1766, to the southern islands was sent captain Ivan Black and Kamchatka. He was told to bring Ainu subjects without violence and threats. However, this decree is not followed, mocked them, poach. All this led to the revolt of the indigenous population in 1771, during which it was beaten a lot of Russian.
great success achieved Siberian nobleman Antipov from Irkutsk translator Shabalin. They managed to win the Kuriles, and in 1778-1779 they managed to bring in subjects more than 1500 people with Etorofu, Kunashiri and even Matsumaya (now Japanese Hokkaido). In the same 1779 m Catherine II decree released took Russian citizenship from all taxes. But with Japanese relations have not been built: the banned Russian walk on the three islands.
In "Extensive zemleopisanii Russian state ... in 1787 was given a list of the 21 th of the island, owned by Russia. It included the island until Matsumaya, whose status was not clearly defined, as Japan had the city in the southern part of it. At the same time, the real control даже над островами южнее Урупа у русских не было. Там японцы считали курильцев своими подданными, активно применяли к ним насилие, чем вызывали недовольство. In May of 1788 was attacked by a Japanese merchant ship, which came on Matsumay. In 1799 on the orders of the central government of Japan on Kunashir and Iturup were based two gates, and the protection of steel to lead continuously.
XIX century
resume negotiations on trade with Japan in 1805 tried the representative of the Russian-American Company Nicholas Rezanov, who arrived in Nagasaki as the first Russian ambassador. But he failed. However, the Japanese nobles who are not satisfied heavy-handed policies of the supreme power, by hints given him to understand that a good idea to carry out military action in these lands, which could push the situation off the ground. This was carried out on behalf of Rezanova in years 1806-1807 expedition of two ships under the leadership of Lieutenant Sub-Lieutenant Khvostov and Davydov. Were looted ships, destroyed a number of factors, Iturup burned a Japanese village. Later they were tried, but the attack for some time led to a serious deterioration of Russian-Japanese relations. In particular, it has become a reason for the arrest of Vasily Golovnina expedition.
Kuril Islands on the British chart in 1893
XX century
* February 2, 1946. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for the inclusion of South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands in the RSFSR.
* 1947. Deportation Japanese and Ainu, from the islands to Japan. Deported 17,000 Japanese and an unknown number of Ainu.
* November 5, 1952. The powerful tsunami ravaged the entire coast of the Kuril Islands, hardest hit Paramushir. Giant wave washed away the town of Severo-Kurilsk (formerly Kasivabara). The press was forbidden to mention the disaster [6].
problem Accessories Kuril Islands
Main article: The problem of the Kuril Islands accessories
After the Second World War, the Kuril Islands were annexed by the Soviet Union. Currently, the Kurile Islands are administered by Russia, the four southern islands - Etorofu, Shikotan, Kunashiri and the Habomai group of islands - claimed by Japan.
population In 2008, the islands are inhabited: Paramushir (North-Kurilsk), Iturup (Kurilsk), Kunashir (Yuzhno-Kurilsk), Shikotan (Malokurilskoe, Krabozavodskoe). Other islands are inhabited by a few people missing.
In Soviet times, population of the islands was much higher due to higher subsidies and a large number of troops. Thanks to the military were inhabited island Shumshu, Onekotan, Simushir etc.
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